home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Physical Examination
- • Digital rectal exam or an exam with local or general anesthesia if necessary.
- • A small anal mass, often like hemorrhoids, may be found. Sometimes the mass protrudes and reaches a
- significant size.
- • Physical examination for local invasion into muscle sphincter .
- • Lymph nodes in the groin may be enlarged, indicating metastases.
- • Perirectal and mesenteric lymph nodes are involved in 50 percent of patients.
-
- Blood and Other Tests
- • Complete blood count.
- • Liver function chemistries (alkaline phosphatase, LDH, SGOT).
- • CEA is normal in cloacogenic tumor , elevated in colorectal cancer.
- • Tests of kidney function (creatinine).
- • Papilloma virus culture or DNA test, if available.
- • Test for hidden blood in the stools.
- • Anal Pap smear.